IPv4 Explained: Definition, How It Works, Pros and Cons, and Comparison with IPv6

When browsing the internet, using apps, or deploying websites in daily life, you may have heard the term “IPv4.” IPv4 is one of the most fundamental communication protocols on the internet, determining how we locate each other across networks. This article will guide you through a systematic understanding of what IPv4 is, how it works, and its differences from IPv6.

What Is IPv4?

IPv4, short for Internet Protocol version 4, is the most widely used version of the IP protocol on the internet today. It enables communication between devices by assigning each network device a unique “IP address.”

An IPv4 address consists of 32 binary bits and is typically represented in dotted-decimal notation, such as 192.168.0.1. Each address comprises four numbers, with each segment ranging from 0 to 255. This means IPv4 can provide approximately 4.2 billion unique IP addresses in total.

How Does IPv4 Work?

The primary role of IPv4 is to assign a unique address to each device on a network and enable devices to locate each other and send data.

Here’s how it works:

• Addressing: Each device has a unique IPv4 address.
• Packetizing: When data is transmitted, it is divided into small packets. Each packet carries the IP addresses of both the sender and the receiver.
• Routing: Routers use IP addresses to direct packets to their correct destinations.
• Fragmentation: When packets are too large, they are automatically fragmented for transmission and then reassembled by the receiver.

IPv4 Proxy Functionality

An IPv4 proxy is an intermediary server that uses IPv4 addresses to make network requests on behalf of users. By using an IPv4 proxy, a user’s real IP address is hidden, and communication is conducted through the proxy server’s IP address instead.

Common functions include:

• Hiding real IP addresses to enhance anonymity
• Enabling localized access
• Improving the security of network requests
• Managing multiple accounts or IP pools

Advantages and Characteristics of IPv4

Although IPv6, the next-generation protocol, is gradually being adopted, IPv4 remains the most mainstream protocol for global internet communication. Its widespread use over the years can be attributed to several significant advantages and technical characteristics:

1. Mature and StableSince its official release in 1981, IPv4 has undergone over four decades of practice and refinement. Its protocol structure is clear, implementation is simple, and it enjoys broad support from network devices and operating systems.
2. Globally CompatibleIPv4 is the default protocol supported by all devices worldwide. From home routers to enterprise servers, smartphones, and IoT devices, most terminals prioritize IPv4 as their network protocol of choice.
3. Simple Address Structure for Easy Understanding and ManagementIPv4 uses dotted-decimal notation (e.g., 192.168.1.1), with each segment ranging from 0 to 255. This format is user-friendly, intuitive, and easy to understand.
4. Supports NAT to Alleviate Address ShortageDue to the limited total number of IPv4 addresses (approximately 4.2 billion), NAT (Network Address Translation) technology emerged, allowing multiple devices to share a single public IP address.

Use Cases for IPv4 Proxies

IPv4 proxies are widely used in various network tasks, favored by both enterprises and individual users for their strong compatibility, simple deployment, and excellent anonymity. Below are several primary use cases:

1. Web Crawling and Data CollectionIPv4 proxies serve as an “invisible cloak” for automated crawler programs. By rotating multiple proxy IPs, they prevent requests from being blocked by target websites due to excessive frequency.
2. Account Registration and Multi-Account ManagementWhen operating multiple accounts on a platform, using the same IP can trigger risk control mechanisms. IPv4 proxies effectively solve this problem.
3. Digital Marketing and Ad VerificationIPv4 proxies play two crucial roles in the AdTech (Advertising Technology) field:
   • Simulating real user access behavior for ad placement effectiveness testing
   • Detecting ad fraud and verifying whether ad content displayed in different regions is consistent
4. Localized AccessMany websites block or modify content based on a user’s geographical location. IPv4 proxies can be used to switch “virtual locations,” enabling unrestricted global internet access.

Differences Between IPv4 and IPv6

Comparison Item	IPv4	IPv6
Address Length	32 bits (4 groups of decimal numbers)	128 bits (8 groups of hexadecimal numbers)
Number of Addresses	Approximately 4.2 billion	Nearly infinite
Representation	Dotted-decimal notation, e.g., 192.168.0.1	Colon-separated hexadecimal notation, e.g., 2001:0db8:85a3::8a2e:0370:7334
NAT Support	Supported	Typically not required
Compatibility	Widely supported	Gradually being rolled out
Security	Relies on external protocols for support	Built-in IPsec for stronger security

Although IPv6 is seen as the future mainstream direction, IPv4 remains the primary choice at this stage due to its continued global usage.

Summary

IPv4 is the cornerstone of the modern internet, and its simplicity, stability, and strong compatibility keep it active in various network environments decades later. Through IPv4 proxies, we can access network resources more flexibly, securely, and efficiently.

Despite the gradual adoption of IPv6, IPv4 remains the most cost-effective solution for most users and businesses. If you require functions such as anonymous browsing, account management, or data collection, using a reliable Cliproxy IPv4 proxy service would be a wise choice.